Top 10 Natural Sources of Omega-3s for Dogs

Omega-3 fatty acids are among the most important nutrients in a dog’s diet. From supporting heart health and reducing inflammation to nourishing skin, coat, and cognitive function, these essential fats play a powerful role in keeping dogs healthy at every life stage. Yet, despite their importance, many dogs don’t get enough omega-3s through their daily meals — especially dogs eating highly processed kibble, which often lacks fresh, biologically available fats.

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What Are Omega-3 Fatty Acids?

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential polyunsaturated fats that the body cannot produce on its own. Dogs must get them through food or supplements. They play a role in almost every major system in the body — cellular health, immune function, inflammation response, cognitive performance, joint mobility, and more.

There are three primary omega-3s relevant to canine nutrition:

ALA (Alpha-Linolenic Acid)

Found mainly in plant-based sources such as flaxseed and chia.
Dogs convert ALA into more usable forms (EPA and DHA), but the conversion rate is very low — which is why marine-based sources are significantly more effective.

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)

A potent anti-inflammatory omega-3.
Supports skin health, kidney function, heart function, and joint comfort.
Found primarily in fish, marine algae, and certain shellfish.

DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)

Essential for brain development and cognitive health.
Important for puppies, senior dogs, and dogs with neurological or cognitive concerns.
Found in fish, marine algae, and eggs enriched with DHA.

While all omega-3s offer benefits, EPA and DHA — the marine-based forms — are the most impactful and most readily used by a dog’s body.

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Why Omega-3s Are So Important for Dogs

Omega-3 fatty acids play a vital role in nearly every major physiological system in a dog’s body. They aren’t just “nice to have”—they are essential nutrients that support long-term health, disease prevention, and day-to-day comfort. Because dogs cannot produce omega-3s on their own, they must rely entirely on diet or supplementation to meet their needs. When included consistently and in the right balance, omega-3s can make a transformative difference in a dog’s overall well-being.

Here are some of the most important ways omega-3s contribute to canine health:

1. Reduced Inflammation

Chronic inflammation is at the root of many common canine health issues—from seasonal allergies and itchy skin to arthritis, kidney challenges, and digestive conditions. EPA, one of the most bioavailable forms of omega-3, plays a direct role in managing the body’s inflammatory response. It helps reduce the production of pro-inflammatory compounds and increases the production of anti-inflammatory ones.

This makes omega-3s especially beneficial for dogs with:

Environmental or food allergies
Arthritis or stiffness
Chronic inflammatory diseases
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
Autoimmune conditions

Regular omega-3 intake can help reduce flare-ups, support smoother mobility, and improve comfort levels throughout the day.

2. Healthy Skin and a Shiny Coat

One of the most visible signs of omega-3 deficiency is dry, flaky, or itchy skin. Omega-3s help reinforce the skin’s natural barrier by improving moisture retention and reducing transepidermal water loss. This leads to softer skin, fewer hot spots, and a healthier coat.

EPA and DHA also:

Reduce dandruff and flakiness
Support healthy oil production in the skin
Address seasonal itchiness
Minimize inflammation from allergies
Strengthen hair follicles, promoting a thicker, glossier coat

3. Improved Joint Mobility

Joint health heavily depends on inflammation control, making omega-3s particularly important for senior dogs, large breeds, and dogs with arthritis or early signs of joint discomfort. EPA and DHA help protect joint cartilage and reduce stiffness, making movement easier and less painful.

Benefits include:

Dogs struggling with chronic skin issues often show dramatic improvement after a few weeks of consistent omega-3 supplementation.

Reduced swelling around joints
Increased range of motion
Enhanced comfort during activity
Slower progression of degenerative joint disease

When paired with gentle exercise and a balanced diet, omega-3s can significantly improve mobility and quality of life for aging or active dogs.

4. Brain and Cognitive Health

DHA is especially important for brain development in puppies and cognitive maintenance in adult and senior dogs. It is a major component of brain tissue and plays a key role in supporting learning, memory, and overall neurological function.

For puppies, DHA supports:

Healthy brain and nervous system development
Learning ability
Behavioral development

For senior dogs, DHA helps:

Slow cognitive decline
Support memory and recognition
Reduce signs of canine cognitive dysfunction (the dog equivalent of dementia)

Dogs receiving adequate DHA often show improved focus, trainability, and long-term cognitive resilience.

5. Heart and Kidney Health

Omega-3s have been linked to improved cardiovascular health in dogs, particularly through their ability to reduce triglycerides and support normal blood pressure. They help maintain healthy blood vessels and improve circulation, which is important for dogs of all ages—but especially for older dogs or those with heart conditions.

For kidney health, omega-3s can:

Reduce protein loss in the urine
Support kidney filtration
Slow the progression of chronic kidney disease

Veterinarians often recommend omega-3 supplementation as part of a long-term management plan for dogs with heart or kidney concerns.

6. Immune Support

A well-regulated immune system is essential for preventing illness, responding appropriately to pathogens, and controlling inflammation. Omega-3s help the immune system strike the right balance—they reduce excessive inflammation without suppressing the body’s ability to defend itself.

This makes omega-3s particularly helpful for dogs with:

Autoimmune disorders
Skin allergies
Chronic infections
Environmental sensitivities

By supporting a calmer, more balanced immune response, omega-3s help dogs stay healthier and more resilient year-round.

7. Digestive Health

Omega-3s support the gastrointestinal system in multiple ways. They help reduce inflammation in the gut lining, which can be especially beneficial for dogs with chronic digestive issues or food sensitivities. Healthy fats also aid in nutrient absorption, allowing dogs to get more value from the food they eat.

Omega-3s may help:

Improve stool quality
Reduce gas and bloating
Soothe inflammatory digestive conditions
Support the integrity of the gut lining

For dogs with sensitive stomachs, incorporating omega-3s through fresh cooked meals can support smoother digestion and a healthier microbiome.

Let’s clear up some misconceptions about the need for omega-3s for dogs and break down the incredible benefits of these essential fatty acids.

Top 10 Best Sources of Omega-3s for Dogs

Here are the most effective and nutritious omega-3 sources you can safely include in your dog’s diet.

1. Salmon

Three fresh salmon steaks arranged on a white background. The vibrant orange flesh contrasts with the dark skin, conveying freshness and quality.

Salmon is one of the richest and most biologically available sources of EPA and DHA. Fresh, gently cooked salmon offers highly digestible proteins and omega-3s that support skin, coat, brain health, and inflammation control.

Excellent for dogs with itchy skin or allergies
Supports cognitive development in puppies
Great for senior dogs with mobility issues

Pro Tip: Choose cooked or freeze-dried salmon over raw to avoid parasites.

2. Sardines

A person holds a white plate of grilled sardines, with a fork placed on top. The fish glisten with oil, against a blurred blue background, creating a fresh and savory scene.

Sardines are small, low on the food chain, and less likely to contain heavy metals — which makes them one of the safest fish for dogs.

High in EPA and DHA
Naturally rich in vitamin D, calcium, and B12
Easy to digest and great for picky eaters

A few sardines mixed into meals each week can make a huge difference in skin and coat health.

3. Mackerel

Four raw mackerel fillets on a white background. Two show shiny, dark skin with green patterns, while the others display pink, fresh flesh.

Mackerel provides impressive levels of omega-3s and is commonly used in high-quality pet foods.

Powerful anti-inflammatory benefits
Helps reduce redness, itching, and hot spots
Great energy source for active dogs

Avoid king mackerel, which can contain higher mercury levels — stick to Atlantic or canned low-mercury varieties.

4. Herring

Four raw fish with shiny scales lie side by side on a round white plate, set against a textured gray background, conveying a fresh and simple presentation.

Herring is another small fish with big nutritional benefits.

High EPA/DHA concentration
Low in contaminants
Highly digestible protein source

Fresh, cooked, or freeze-dried herring treats provide a nutrient-dense boost.

5. Anchovies

Open tin of anchovies on wooden surface. The metal lid is partially peeled back, revealing neatly packed fish fillets in oil. Simple and appetizing.

Anchovies are small but mighty. Loaded with omega-3s, they are an excellent whole-food topper for any dog’s meal.

Low mercury risk
Easily digestible
Packed with EPA and DHA

They’re often available dried or freeze-dried — making them a convenient treat.

6. Marine Algae Oil

A wooden bowl of dried seaweed, a small corked glass bottle, and a wooden spoon with green powder sit on a checkered cloth, evoking a natural, earthy feel.

Marine algae oil is one of the best vegan sources of EPA and DHA. It’s ideal for dogs with fish allergies or households that prefer a plant-based omega-3 supplement.

Clean, sustainable source
Direct DHA benefits for brain and eye health
Great for puppies, seniors, and pregnant dogs

Unlike flax or chia, algae oil contains preformed DHA that dogs can use immediately.

7. Fish Oil Supplements

Wooden spoon holding several golden gel capsules, scattered on a white surface. The image conveys a sense of health and wellness.

Fish oil remains one of the most popular omega-3 sources for dogs — typically from salmon, anchovy, sardine, or pollock.

High concentrations of EPA and DHA
Easy to drizzle onto meals
Beneficial for joint and skin health

8. Krill Oil

Close-up of glossy red krill oil capsules in a wooden bowl on a textured wooden board. The setting conveys a natural, health-focused theme with earthy tones.

Krill oil has a unique advantage: its omega-3s are bound to phospholipids, which may make them easier to absorb.

Contains EPA, DHA, and astaxanthin (a powerful antioxidant)
Supports brain function and reduces inflammation
Smaller dosage needed compared to fish oil

Great for dogs needing a concentrated omega-3 supplement.

9. Flaxseed

A white bowl filled with flaxseeds, a spoon resting on top. A jar spills seeds next to a smaller bowl with a spoon, on a purple textured surface. Earthy and organic.

Flaxseed is rich in ALA, a plant-based omega-3 that offers some benefits — though dogs convert only a small amount into EPA or DHA.

Still, flaxseed can be useful for:

Digestive regularity
Skin health
Additional fiber

Best used as a complementary source, not a primary omega-3 source.

10. Chia Seeds

A wooden spoon holds a scoop of black chia seeds above a dark blue bowl filled with more seeds, creating a natural and wholesome ambience.

Like flax, chia seeds are high in ALA and provide valuable fiber and antioxidants.

Hydrating and supportive for digestion
Good for sensitive stomachs
Anti-inflammatory benefits

Again, best used alongside a marine-based omega-3 source.

Choosing the Best Omega-3 Source for Your Dog

For allergies:

Marine algae oil or salmon oil (if not allergic to fish).

For puppies:

DHA-rich options like salmon, sardines, or algae oil.

For seniors:

EPA-heavy sources such as mackerel, sardines, or fish oil.

For sensitive stomachs:

Gently cooked salmon, sardines, or algae oil.

For picky eaters:

Fresh salmon, sardines, or krill oil often have naturally enticing aromas.

Expert Recommendations From a Canine Nutritionist

“Every dog has unique needs,” Andrea explains. “Omega-3s play a critical role in reducing inflammation, improving skin health, and supporting digestion — but the right source and amount can vary based on your dog’s age, breed, and health history.”

Andrea recommends evaluating the quality and bioavailability of omega-3s in your dog’s food rather than relying solely on supplements.

“Start by checking the ingredient list,” she advises. “Fresh, whole-food ingredients — like salmon, sardines, and algae oil — offer better absorption and more consistent benefits than many heavily processed foods.”

Omega-3s are especially important for dogs dealing with allergies, gastrointestinal issues, or chronic inflammation.

“For dogs prone to itchy skin or digestive discomfort, fresh cooked foods are more digestible and reduce the risk of irritation in the gut,” she notes. “Marine-based omega-3s, like those from salmon or algae, can make a noticeable difference in just a few weeks.”

Andrea holds a master’s degree in veterinary nutrition and toxicology from the University of Saskatchewan. As Director of Nutrition at NutriCanine, she combines her academic expertise and lifelong passion for animal health to develop science-backed, personalized meal plans that promote the well-being of dogs.

NutriCanine’s New Salmon Recipe (Coming Soon!)

At NutriCanine, we believe that fresh, highly digestible ingredients form the foundation of a healthy life for dogs — and omega-3s play a major role in that philosophy.

That’s why we’re excited to announce our new Salmon Recipe, coming soon to our lineup of fresh cooked meals.

What makes this recipe special?

Made with premium, human-grade salmon, naturally rich in EPA and DHA
Supports dogs with itchy skin, allergies, and digestive sensitivities
Includes gently cooked whole-food ingredients for maximum nutrient absorption
Carefully formulated by our Director of Nutrition to ensure optimal balance of omega-3s
Designed for dogs who benefit from higher omega-3 intake, including seniors, puppies, and dogs with inflammatory conditions

This recipe is perfect for pet parents seeking a fresh cooked meal that provides powerful omega-3 benefits without the need for additional supplements.

Stay tuned — your dog’s new favourite meal is almost here.

A white bowl filled with diced sweet potatoes, ground salmon, and herbs on a black background. The dish is filled with NutriCanine fresh cooked Salmon Recipe. It looks rustic and hearty, evoking a cozy, comfort-food vibe.

Final Thoughts

Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for your dog’s overall health — from skin and coat to joints, cognition, and digestion. While plant-based sources like flax and chia offer some benefits, the most impactful omega-3s come from marine sources such as salmon, sardines, anchovies, and marine algae oil.

By choosing fresh, whole-food omega-3 sources and ensuring your dog’s diet is tailored to their individual needs, you can help support a longer, healthier, and happier life.

Whether you’re boosting your dog’s current meals or looking for a complete, balanced diet rich in omega-3s, NutriCanine’s personalized fresh cooked recipes — including our upcoming Salmon Recipe — make it easier than ever to nourish your dog from the inside out.